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Descartes' Error
''Descartes' Error: Emotion, Reason, and the Human Brain'' is a 1994 book by neurologist António Damásio, in part a treatment of the mind/body dualism question. Damásio presents the "somatic marker hypothesis", a proposed mechanism by which emotions guide (or bias) behavior and decision-making, and positing that rationality requires emotional input. He argues that René Descartes' "error" was the dualist separation of mind and body, rationality and emotion.
==The embodied mind: somatic markers==
'Damasio argues in his well-known book that it is wrong to think that only minds think. The body and our emotions have a key role in the way we think and in rational decision-making'.〔Henrik Lagerlund ed., ''Forming the Mind'' (2010) p. 15〕 Since, in his words, 'the body...contributes a ''content'' that is part and parcel of the workings of the normal mind', it follows that 'the mind is embodied, in the full sense of the term, not just embrained'.〔Antonio R. Damasio, ''Descartes' Error'' (London 1996) p. 226 and p. 118〕
Damasio's theory stresses 'the crucial role of feeling in navigating the endless stream of life's personal decisions....The intuitive signals that guide us in these moments come in the form of limbic-driven surges from the viscera that Damasio calls "somatic markers" - literally, gut feelings'.〔Daniel Goleman, ''Emotional Intelligence'' (London 1996) p. 53〕 Listening to your gut reactions, 'the ''somatic marker''...may lead you to reject, ''immediately'', the negative course of action and thus...allows you ''to choose from among fewer alternatives'' '.〔Damasio, p. 173〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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